What happens to data stored in RAM when the computer is turned off?

Data stored in RAM (Random Access Memory) is volatile, meaning that it requires power to maintain the stored information. When a computer is turned off, the power supply to the RAM is cut off, leading to the loss of all data that was stored there. This is why any unsaved work or data that was only in RAM will not be retrievable after the computer is powered down.

In contrast, non-volatile storage like ROM (Read-Only Memory) retains data even when the power is off, but this type of memory is generally used for firmware rather than temporary data storage. Similarly, saved files on a hard drive or solid-state drive remain intact when the computer is turned off since these storage solutions are designed for long-term data retention. Consequently, the data in RAM does not get saved to ROM, nor does it get automatically transferred to the hard drive unless the user explicitly saves it before shutting down the computer.