What process occurs when a computer waits for an external device to check its readiness?

The process where a computer waits for an external device to check its readiness is known as polling. In polling, the computer actively queries the device at regular intervals to determine if it is ready to send or receive data. This method ensures that the CPU can manage the interactions with the device effectively, as it can respond immediately once the device indicates it is ready.

Polling is commonly used in scenarios where devices do not have a mechanism to signal readiness autonomously. It allows for systematic checking, although it can lead to inefficiencies if the device is not frequently ready, as the CPU is bound to continuous checking rather than performing other tasks. Understanding polling is crucial in contexts involving peripheral devices, interrupt handling, and overall system performance in computer architecture.