What type of data loss is caused by malicious attacks such as viruses or hacking?

The correct answer identifies a specific category of data loss that results from intentional harm or sabotage, distinguishing it from other types of data loss. Malicious data loss refers to the destruction or corruption of data due to actions taken by individuals with harmful intent, such as hackers deploying viruses, ransomware, or other malicious software.

This classification is important because it emphasizes the intent behind the data loss. Unlike unintentional data loss, which might occur due to software bugs, user error, or accidental deletions, malicious data loss is a deliberate act aimed at exploiting vulnerabilities for financial gain, revenge, or espionage. Recognizing the distinction enables organizations to implement targeted security measures to protect against such threats, which requires a different approach than safeguarding against natural disasters or unintentional errors.

The clarity in terminology helps in developing strategies, policies, and defenses to mitigate risks associated with each type of data loss, ultimately contributing to more robust data protection efforts.