Which of these is not typically associated with network security?

Network security encompasses a range of technologies, policies, and practices designed to protect networks and their data from unauthorized access, misuse, or attack. The options listed all play essential roles in safeguarding network security, except for one.

Malware detection, firewalls, and encryption are all directly concerned with enhancing security measures within a network. Malware detection helps in identifying and mitigating malicious software that can infiltrate a network. Firewalls serve as barriers to prevent unauthorized access to or from a private network, while encryption secures data by encoding it, ensuring that even if intercepted, it cannot be read without the proper decryption key.

On the other hand, data mining refers to the process of analyzing large datasets to discover patterns or relationships within the data. While data mining can have applications in various fields, including security, it is not primarily focused on protecting network security itself. Instead, it is more about extracting useful information from data, which is why it is not typically associated with network security practices.