Which type of memory is characterized by being volatile and used for active processes?

The correct type of memory characterized by being volatile and used for active processes is RAM (Random Access Memory). RAM is designed for quick read and write access and is used by the computer to hold data and programs that are currently in use. Its volatile nature means that it loses all stored information when the power is turned off, making it suitable for temporary data storage during active computing tasks.

In contrast, ROM (Read-Only Memory) is non-volatile, retaining its contents even when powered off, and is used primarily to store firmware but not for active processes. Cache memory, although also fast and used to speed up access to frequently used data, is still a type of RAM but is typically smaller in size and positioned between the CPU and RAM to optimize performance. EPROM (Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory) is another non-volatile memory type, used for permanent storage of data and firmware which can be erased and reprogrammed, but it is not used for active processing.

Therefore, RAM is the most appropriate choice as it embodies the characteristics of being volatile and actively used in computing processes.