Which type of programming language is designed to resemble natural language and mathematical notions?

The choice of a higher-level language is correct because these programming languages are specifically designed to be more user-friendly and closer to human language and mathematical notation than lower-level languages. Higher-level programming languages abstract away the complexities of the computer's hardware, allowing programmers to write code that is more intuitive and easier to read.

This integration of natural language elements helps developers express their ideas and algorithms more clearly and concisely. For example, languages like Python or Ruby use syntax that is more straightforward and resembles English, making it easier for new programmers to learn and use them effectively.

In contrast, assembly language is a low-level programming language that is closely related to machine code and requires a deep understanding of the computer’s architecture. Machine language consists purely of binary code that the computer's processor can execute, which is far from resembling natural language. An interpreted language refers to how a program is executed rather than its design characteristics in terms of syntax and readability; while some interpreted languages may be higher-level, not all higher-level languages are necessarily interpreted. Hence, the distinguishing feature of higher-level languages is their accessibility and resemblance to natural language, making this the most appropriate answer.